Description
At the forefront of medicine and technology, we are proud to offer these incredible, uncompromised replicas of human anatomy. Using the latest 3D printing technology and materials available, this model is an exact replica of a human cadaver, brought to "life" by extensive medical scanning and manufacturing technologies. Over are the days of using ethically questionable cadavers, the mess of hazardous preservation chemicals, and the inaccuracies of plastinated models that often over-enhance anatomy for display, not realism. See the future, and the beauty, of real human anatomy with these incredible anatomical replicas!
This printed 3D left shoulder specimen consists of the scapula, humerus (sectioned near midshaft) and clavicle (sectioned at midshaft) with the superficial muscles around the shoulder joint, the rotator cuff muscles and the axillary artery as it progresses distally to become the brachial artery.
The muscles attached to the clavicle have been preserved including the subclavius muscle attachment to the inferior border of the clavicle and the deltoid covering the lateral aspect of the proximal upper limb (overlying the origins of the long head of biceps brachii and the lateral head of triceps brachii). The clavicular head of the pectoralis major has been preserved. On the posterior aspect the superior fibers of trapezius can also be observed where they attach attached to the posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle, and to the acromion process and the spine of the scapula. Other muscles attached to the scapula which have been preserved include the subscapularis and serratus anterior on the anterior or costal aspect. Inspection of the anterior aspect reveals that the pectoralis minor insertion onto the coracoid process of the scapula has been preserved. Posteriorly the teres major and teres minor muscles are clearly visible arising from the lateral border of the scapula. Supraspinatus is preserved but infraspinatus has partly been removed to show branches of the suprascapular artery passing from the supraspinous fossa around the base of the spine to enter the infraspinous fossa housing the infraspinatus muscle. A small part of the omohyoid attachment is also visible above the suprascapular ligament.
The axillary artery below the inferior border of the clavicle can be seen to give off the thoracoacromial branch anteriorly and just slightly more distally the suprascapular artery can be seen passing posteriorly. Coursing distally, it gives off posterior branches of the circumflex scapular and subscapular arteries. The anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries are hidden from view when viewed from in front, however the latter artery can be seen deep to the posterior fibres of deltoid as it emerges though quadrangular space. Below the inferior border of teres major the axillary artery becomes the brachial artery. The radial collateral artery is visible arising from the brachial artery. The axillary artery becomes the brachial artery beyond the lower margin of the teres major muscle.
The muscles of the proximal upper limb have all been preserved, and those of the superficial layer, i.e. long head of biceps brachii, and long and lateral heads of triceps brachii, can be observed to form a complete layer of musculature around the humerus. The cross section of the mid shaft of the humerus nicely displays the relations of the major neurovascular bundles and the muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments.
A small remnant of the suprascapular nerve passing under the suprascapular ligament is visible.
Please Note: Thanks to the flexibility of manufacturing that 3D Printing offers, this model is "printed to order", and is not typically available for immediate shipment. Most models are printed within 15 working days and arrive within 3-5 weeks of ordering, and once an order is submitted to us, it cannot be canceled or altered. Please contact us if you have specific a specific delivery date requirement, and we will do our best to deliver the model by your target date.
Advantages of 3D Printed Anatomical Models
- 3D printed anatomical models are the most anatomically accurate examples of human anatomy because they are based on real human specimens.
- Avoid the ethical complications and complex handling, storage, and documentation requirements with 3D printed models when compared to human cadaveric specimens.
- 3D printed anatomy models are far less expensive than real human cadaveric specimens.
- Reproducibility and consistency allow for standardization of education and faster availability of models when you need them.
- Customization options are available for specific applications or educational needs. Enlargement, highlighting of specific anatomical structures, cutaway views, and more are just some of the customizations available.
Disadvantages of Human Cadavers
- Access to cadavers can be problematic and ethical complications are hard to avoid. Many countries cannot access cadavers for cultural and religious reasons.
- Human cadavers are costly to procure and require expensive storage facilities and dedicated staff to maintain them. Maintenance of the facility alone is costly.
- The cost to develop a cadaver lab or plastination technique is extremely high. Those funds could purchase hundreds of easy to handle, realistic 3D printed anatomical replicas.
- Wet specimens cannot be used in uncertified labs. Certification is expensive and time-consuming.
- Exposure to preservation fluids and chemicals is known to cause long-term health problems for lab workers and students. 3D printed anatomical replicas are safe to handle without any special equipment.
- Lack of reuse and reproducibility. If a dissection mistake is made, a new specimen has to be used and students have to start all over again.
Disadvantages of Plastinated Specimens
- Like real human cadaveric specimens, plastinated models are extremely expensive.
- Plastinated specimens still require real human samples and pose the same ethical issues as real human cadavers.
- The plastination process is extensive and takes months or longer to complete. 3D printed human anatomical models are available in a fraction of the time.
- Plastinated models, like human cadavers, are one of a kind and can only showcase one presentation of human anatomy.
Advanced 3D Printing Techniques for Superior Results
- Vibrant color offering with 10 million colors
- UV-curable inkjet printing
- High quality 3D printing that can create products that are delicate, extremely precise, and incredibly realistic
- To improve durability of fragile, thin, and delicate arteries, veins or vessels, a clear support material is printed in key areas. This makes the models robust so they can be handled by students easily.
